EYE am FINE

👁 What is Steroid-Induced Glaucoma (SIG)?Steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG) is a form of secondary glaucomacaused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) after using steroids,whether topical, periocular, systemic, or injected.🔬 Mechanism of SIGSteroids alter trabecular meshwork structure↑ ECM (extracellular matrix) deposition↓ Phagocytic activity → waste builds up→ Outflow resistance increases → IO..

👁 What is Toxic Cataract?A toxic cataract refers to a lens opacity induced by medications or chemical substances,used either topically (e.g., eye drops) or systemically (oral or injectable drugs). 🔬 Common Cataract-Inducing DrugsDrug TypeAgentCataract TypeSteroidsPrednisolonePosterior subcapsular (PSC)AntipsychoticsChlorpromazineAnterior subcapsular + corneal depositsAnticancerBusulfanPosteri..

👁 Modern Cataract Surgery: Phacoemulsification & IOL InsertionThe current standard method for cataract surgery isphacoemulsification followed by posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.Though femtosecond laser is occasionally used, ultrasound remains central to cataract removal. 🧬 Key Surgical Steps (Simplified)Corneal IncisionCreates an entry point for surgical toolsCCC (Contin..

👁 Cataract Surgery & Lens Anatomy ExplainedModern cataract surgery typically uses phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation,a method first introduced by Kelman in 1967.📌 Surgical Goal EvolutionTransitioned from restoring cloudy vision to achieving→ better refractive outcomes→ fewer surgical complicationsBut complications like posterior capsule rupture, iris prolapse, radial ..

👁 Cataracts: Causes and Antioxidant Eye DropsCataracts remain the leading cause of blindness worldwide,accounting for nearly 48% of all blindness cases.While surgery is well-established, pharmacological prevention or delay is still under-researched.🔍 Key Risk FactorsAging, diabetes, UV exposure, malnutrition, smoking, renal diseaseMost importantly: Oxidative Stress→ Free radicals damage lens p..

What is Spheroidal Degeneration of the Cornea (SDC)?Spheroidal degeneration is a degenerative ocular condition characterized by the deposition of yellow-brown, globular proteinaceous material in the cornea and/or conjunctiva.The term “spheroidal” implies a nearly spherical but imperfectly round appearance.🔍 Alternate NamesClimatic Droplet Keratopathy (CDK)Bietti’s nodular degeneration, Fisherma..

What is Corneal Lipid Degeneration?Corneal Lipid Degeneration refers to the accumulation of lipids (fats) in the cornea,which can lead to corneal opacities. It is classified into:Primary (idiopathic)Secondary (acquired) 🔹 Primary Lipid DegenerationExtremely rare; no identifiable underlying causeOccurs without corneal neovascularizationLipids deposit in both central and peripheral stromaBlood li..

What is Cornea Farinata?Cornea Farinata refers to a non-progressive corneal condition characterized byfine, flour-like specks located in the deep stromal layer near Descemet’s membrane.The name Farinata comes from the Latin word for flour.🔍 Key FeaturesFound in the posterior stroma, especially near Descemet’s membraneAppears as tiny, dust-like brown or white opacitiesBest visualized under retro..

👁 What is a Hassall-Henle Body?Hassall-Henle bodies, also known as Descemet warts, areprotrusions of Descemet’s membrane observed at the peripheral cornea.They are commonly seen in older individuals and are often considered a non-pathologic, age-related change.🔍 Clinical AppearanceSeen as small, round dark holes under specular microscopyRepresent thickened peripheral Descemet’s membrane that b..