EYE am FINE

👁 Visual Field Defects by Lesion Location (Part 2)Following the previous overview of optic chiasm lesions,this summary focuses on the next segments of the visual pathway:optic tract, lateral geniculate body (LGB), optic radiations, and visual cortex.🧠 Key Visual TerminologyTermMeaningHomonymousSame-side (matching) field lossCongruousSymmetrical, identical field lossIncongruousAsymmetrical fiel..

👁 Brain & Eye Connection: Visual Field Clues to Brain LesionsThe eye is embryologically part of the brain, and many central nervous system lesions produce visual field defects.Hence, neuro-ophthalmic signs can point toward intracranial pathology.🔍 Visual Pathway OverviewRetinaOptic nerveOptic chiasmOptic tractLateral geniculate body (LGB)Optic radiationMeyer's loop (temporal lobe): upper visua..

👁 What is a Radial Tear During Cataract Surgery?A radial tear is a complication in which the anterior capsule tears outward in a radial patternduring CCC (Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorrhexis) in cataract surgery. 🔍 Normal Cataract Surgery StepsCorneal IncisionCCC – Circular tear in the anterior capsulePhacoemulsification – Lens emulsification & removalIOL Implantation – Lens placed in intac..

👁 Visual Pathway Anatomy: Eye-Brain ConnectionThe eye and brain are anatomically and functionally deeply interconnected.The retina is an extension of the brain, and central nervous system disorders often manifest with visual symptoms. 🔍 Visual Pathway SequenceThe complete route from the retina to the brain’s visual cortex:RetinaOptic NerveOptic ChiasmOptic TractLateral Geniculate Body (LGB)Opt..

👁 What is CCC (Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorrhexis)?Introduced by Gimbel and Neuhann in 1984A key step in cataract surgeryCreates a smooth circular opening (5–5.5 mm) in the anterior lens capsulePrevents radial tears during phaco or IOL insertion🌀 What is the Argentina Flag Sign?A rapid bilateral radial tear of the anterior capsuleNamed for its resemblance to the Argentinian flagOften occurs..

👁 What is CCC in Cataract Surgery?Modern cataract surgery primarily involvesphacoemulsification followed by posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.A critical step in this process isCCC (Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorrhexis).🧬 What is CCC?A smooth, round opening (~5–5.5 mm) is created in the anterior lens capsuleAllows safe access for phacoemulsification and IOL insertionEssenti..

👁 What is Steroid-Induced Glaucoma (SIG)?Steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG) is a form of secondary glaucomacaused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) after using steroids,whether topical, periocular, systemic, or injected.🔬 Mechanism of SIGSteroids alter trabecular meshwork structure↑ ECM (extracellular matrix) deposition↓ Phagocytic activity → waste builds up→ Outflow resistance increases → IO..

👁 What is Toxic Cataract?A toxic cataract refers to a lens opacity induced by medications or chemical substances,used either topically (e.g., eye drops) or systemically (oral or injectable drugs). 🔬 Common Cataract-Inducing DrugsDrug TypeAgentCataract TypeSteroidsPrednisolonePosterior subcapsular (PSC)AntipsychoticsChlorpromazineAnterior subcapsular + corneal depositsAnticancerBusulfanPosteri..

👁 Ocular Anatomy: Anterior vs Posterior SegmentThe human eye is structurally divided into two major parts:Anterior Segment and Posterior Segment,separated by the posterior lens capsule / anterior vitreous face.🔹 Anterior SegmentStructures:CorneaIrisCiliary bodyLensChambers:In front of the iris: Anterior chamberBehind the iris: Posterior chamberFluid:Aqueous humorFlow: Produced by ciliary body ..