Disease&Treatment/Glaucoma26 Aniridia, WAGR syndrome, nystagmus, glaucoma, strabismus 👁 What is Aniridia?Aniridia is a rare congenital eye disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of the iris.While the iris controls how much light enters the eye, aniridia affects not only the iris but also multiple ocular structures, making it a panocular disease.🔬 Key Ocular FeaturesFeatureDescriptionPhotophobiaIris absence leads to light sensitivityVisual delayDue to corneal .. 2025. 4. 20. Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS), phakomatosis, Choroidal hemangioma & Glaucoma 👁 What is Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS)?Sturge-Weber Syndrome is a type of phakomatosis,characterized by vascular malformations involving the brain, face, and eyes.Also called Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis📊 Incidence: ~1 in 50,000 live births🧠 The Triad of AngiomasIntracranial AngiomaTypically in occipital / parieto-occipital lobesCommon symptoms:Seizures (75–90%)Intellectual disability (50%.. 2025. 4. 20. 👁 Intraocular Pressure (IOP) & Glaucoma: Why It Matters, Tonometers for IOP Measurement 👁 Intraocular Pressure (IOP) & Glaucoma: Why It MattersGlaucoma causes irreversible optic nerve damageIOP measurement is the key tool for early detection and managementPlays a role in diagnosis, monitoring, and screening🧪 Key Tonometers for IOP Measurement1. Goldmann Applanation Tonometer (GAT)ProsConsGold standard, high accuracyRequires slit lamp, fluorescein, anesthesiaOperator-dependentRisk.. 2025. 4. 20. Glaucoma Diagnosis = Matching Structure & Function 👁 Glaucoma Diagnosis = Matching Structure & FunctionGlaucoma is a disease of the optic nerve characterized by both:ComponentDescriptionStructuralOptic disc cupping, RNFL lossFunctionalVisual field defect (VFD)✅ Both must be present to confirm a diagnosis.🧪 How Pressure Causes DamageIOP ↑ targets the Inferotemporal (IT) region of the optic discThis leads to damage in the IT RNFL (Retinal Nerve .. 2025. 4. 20. Glaucoma: Visual Field Loss, Visual field change 👁 Glaucoma: From Pressure to Vision LossStageDescriptionCauseElevated intraocular pressure (IOP ↑)ProcessGlaucomatous optic disc cuppingOutcomeVisual field loss🔬 Structure + Function = Glaucoma DiagnosisStructural changes: optic disc cupping, RNFL thinningFunctional loss: characteristic visual field defects (VFDs)✅ Diagnosis requires both structure & function🧠 Anatomical Basis of Visual Field.. 2025. 4. 20. Glaucomatous Optic Disc Cupping, damage of Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) & Optic nerve fibers (axons) 👁 What is Glaucoma?Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathywith structural and functional damage involving:Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)Optic nerve fibers (axons)✅ Diagnosis requires BOTH:Structural change (e.g. optic disc cupping)Functional loss (e.g. visual field defects)💡 Analogy to Systemic HypertensionSystemic HypertensionOcular Hypertension (Glaucoma)Narrowed vessels → high BPBlocked o.. 2025. 4. 20. What is Glaucoma? Structural damage to the optic nerve& Functional loss (visual field defects) 👁 What is Glaucoma?Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathycharacterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons,with both:Structural damage to the optic nerveFunctional loss (visual field defects)✅ It is the second leading cause of global blindness✅ It is painless, irreversible, and requires early detection🔍 Glaucoma Diagnosis Requires BOTH:ComponentDetailsStructuralOptic d.. 2025. 4. 20. Steroid-Induced Glaucoma (SIG)?, steroid induced IOP increase 👁 What is Steroid-Induced Glaucoma (SIG)?Steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG) is a form of secondary glaucomacaused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) after using steroids,whether topical, periocular, systemic, or injected.🔬 Mechanism of SIGSteroids alter trabecular meshwork structure↑ ECM (extracellular matrix) deposition↓ Phagocytic activity → waste builds up→ Outflow resistance increases → IO.. 2025. 4. 19. Prev 1 2 3 Next
