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๐Ÿ‘ Glaucoma Diagnosis = Matching Structure & Function

Glaucoma is a disease of the optic nerve characterized by both:

ComponentDescription
Structural Optic disc cupping, RNFL loss
Functional Visual field defect (VFD)

โœ… Both must be present to confirm a diagnosis.


๐Ÿงช How Pressure Causes Damage

  • IOP โ†‘ targets the Inferotemporal (IT) region of the optic disc
  • This leads to damage in the IT RNFL (Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer)
  • Resulting in Visual field loss in the superior nasal field5

 

 


๐Ÿง  Structural Mapping: The 1:1:1 Rule

Layer/StructureLinks to
RNFL Optic Disc
Optic Disc Optic Nerve
Visual Field Matches RNFL/Disc

โžก๏ธ All regions follow a precise anatomical mapping
โ†’ RNFL โ†” Optic Disc โ†” Visual Field = 1:1:1


๐Ÿ“ Clinical Matching Example

Damaged AreaVisual Field Effect
Inferotemporal (IT) RNFL Superior nasal visual field loss
Superonasal (SN) RNFL Inferior temporal loss

โœ… Most common in glaucoma:
IOP โ†‘ โ†’ IT optic disc cupping โ†’ RNFL IT loss โ†’ upper nasal scotoma


 

 

โœ… Summary

  • Structure and function must align in glaucoma diagnosis
  • Damage to specific optic nerve regions causes corresponding field loss
  • Visual field interpretation must account for RNFL-disc mapping
  • Especially in glaucoma, Inferotemporal โ†’ Upper Nasal VFD is key
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ยซ   2025/06   ยป
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