EYE am FINE

Adenovirus, a non-enveloped DNA virus, is a common cause of viral conjunctivitis, particularly presenting in three main clinical forms:Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC)Pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF)Simple follicular conjunctivitis🔹 Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis (EKC)Caused by Adenovirus types 8, 19, and 37 (type 8 most common)Highly contagious, spreads through tears and eye secretionsBegins..

👁 “Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis (AHC) – Apollo Eye Disease”AHC, also known as Apollo eye disease, is an extremely contagious viral conjunctivitis,primarily caused by enterovirus 70 (EV70) and coxsackievirus A24 (CA24).It presents rapidly with subconjunctival hemorrhage, follicular reaction, and bilateral progression.🧠 Summary Table for AHCFeatureDescriptionCommon NameApollo eye diseaseCaus..

👁 “Hypersensitivity Reactions in Ophthalmology – Types I to IV”Hypersensitivity refers to inappropriate or exaggerated immune responses to antigensthat are typically tolerated by the body.The Gell and Coombs classification (1963) remains the standard,dividing reactions into four types (I–IV), each with distinct immunologic mechanisms andclear links to various ocular diseases.🧠 Hypersensitivity..

👁 “Adjunctive and Surgical Treatments for Bacterial Keratitis – A Complete Guide”While topical antibiotics are the cornerstone of treatment,adjunctive therapies, judicious use of corticosteroids, and in severe cases,conjunctival flaps or full-thickness corneal grafts (PKP) may be necessary to save the eye.💊 Adjunctive Measures for Comfort & HealingMeasurePurposeLid hygiene / discharge removalI..

Treatment of bacterial keratitis hinges on prompt and targeted antibiotic therapy. Empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics are used initially, then tailored based on gram staining and culture results. Delivery methods vary based on severity and location of infection.🔹 Strategy OverviewEmpirical Therapy - For unknown or polymicrobial cases - 1st-gen cephalosporin + aminoglycoside or 4th-gen fluoroq..

👁 “Microbiologic Diagnosis of Bacterial Keratitis – From Scraping to Staining”While clinical features can suggest a probable pathogen,the definitive diagnosis of bacterial keratitis requires microbiologic confirmation viacorneal scraping, staining, and culture to guide antibiotic choice and ensure appropriate management.🔍 Diagnostic Steps for Microbial KeratitisStepDescriptionClinical suspicio..

..Nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) is a rare but critical pathogen in post-surgical infectious keratitis, especially after refractive surgeries like LASIK. Due to its slow growth and deep stromal localization, early detection is difficult and misdiagnosis as non-infectious DLK or viral keratitis is common.🔹 Microbial Profile & PathogenesisNTM refers to all mycobacteria excluding M. tuberculos..

👁 “Uncommon Bacterial Keratitis – Clues to Rare Organisms”While most corneal ulcers are caused by common bacteria like Staphylococcus or Pseudomonas,rare pathogens like Clostridium, Bacillus, Nocardia, and Azotobacter may cause highly specific forms of keratitis,often requiring tailored management due to their distinctive clinical signatures.🦠 Summary Table of Rare Bacterial KeratitisPathogenC..

This post explores less common but clinically relevant bacteria that can cause microbial keratitis. These include Moraxella, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Though less frequent than Staphylococcus or Pseudomonas, they present unique challenges in diagnosis and management.🔹 Moraxella spp.Risk Factors: Diabetes, alcoholism, systemic illness, autoimmune diseasesClinical S..